- 2015 Al Jazeera America report on Flint water
Report first aired January 22, 2015
- American Scientist articles, May-June 2016
References a similar lead poisoning outbreak in D.C. a decade earlier, again with government agency dysfunction
- APHA synopsis and 3-part webinar on lead exposure and health
(Courtesy of the Internet Archive)
- APHA - The Flint Water Crisis and beyond
"A three-part webinar series on lead and public health The drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan has raised public health concerns about lead exposure, the U.S. water supply infrastructure and the authority to enforce safe and sanitary conditions. Join the leadership of the American Public Health Association in a webinar series about the impact of lead exposure on health."
- AP - Problems in Detroit, Flint show rift over emergency managers
Problems in Detroit, Flint show rift over emergency managers Corey Williams, Associated Press, Jan 25, 12:33 AM EST "Darnell Earley didn't come up with the plan to channel corrosive river water into Flint's old lead-lined water pipes, causing a health emergency. And he certainly can't be blamed for the Detroit school system's decaying facilities and wrecked finances, which have prompted teacher boycotts this month."
- Chicago's Way Of Replacing Broken Pipes Can Increase Lead In Your Drinking Water
Monica Eng, WBEZ, April 2, 2019
A Chicago Tribune analysis of voluntary home water tests last year showed that 70 percent of Chicago homes tested had some lead in their water. About one third had more lead than the 5 parts per billion that is allowed in bottled water. [webpage courtesy of the Internet archive]
- Childhood Blood Lead Levels in Children Aged <5 Years — United States, 2009–2014
Jaime Raymond, Mary Jean Brown. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), Surveillance Summaries, January 20, 201766(3) Lead exposure in children can cause permanent neurological damage. Behavioral disorders are associated with lead exposure even at detectable blood levels at or below 5 μg/dL. The most common highly concentrated source of lead for children in the United States is lead paint. When paint containing lead deteriorates into flakes, chips, or fine dust, it is easily inhaled or ingested by small children.
- Childhood Lead Poisoning: The Promise and Abandonment of Primary Prevention
Herbert Needleman, Public Health Then and Now, Am J Public Health. 1998(December);88:1871-1877 This article examines the role of some prevailing attitudes and institutions in derailing the 1991 Strategic Plan for the Elimination of Childhood Lead Poisoning, a plan which marked a fundamental shift in federal policy from finding and treating lead-poisoned children to authentic primary prevention. See also: H L Needleman. The persistent threat of lead: a singular opportunity. American Journal of Public Health May 1989: Vol. 79, No. 5, pp. 643-645.
- Deceit and Denial: The Deadly Politics of Industrial Pollution
By Gerald Markowitz and David Rosner
In Fall, 2002, our book, Deceit and Denial: The Deadly Politics of Industrial Pollution, was published jointly by the University of California Press and the Milbank Fund as one in a series that addressed a variety of aspects of health policy. Briefly, the book looked at questions regarding how two industries, the lead industry and the chemical industry, reacted when faced with information regarding the potential dangers of their products to human health during the twentieth century. (courtesy of the Internet Archive)
- Lead Wars: The Politics of Science and the Fate of America's Children
Gerald Markowitz, David Rosner. In this incisive examination of lead poisoning during the past half century, Gerald Markowitz and David Rosner focus on one of the most contentious and bitter battles in the history of public health. Lead Wars details how the nature of the epidemic has changed and highlights the dilemmas public health agencies face today in terms of prevention strategies and chronic illness linked to low levels of toxic exposure.
- Michigan Public Radio coverage
All of their coverage of the Flint water crisis and a link to their special series "Not Safe to Drink"
- NPR - Independent Investigators: State Officials Mostly To Blame For Flint Water Crisis
Merrit Kennedy, NPR. 3/23/2016
- Pediatrician Who Exposed Flint Water Crisis Shares Her 'Story Of Resistance' (36 min)
WFMY Fresh Air, with Terry Gross, June 25, 2018 In August 2015, Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha was having a glass of wine in her kitchen with two friends, when one friend, a water expert, asked if she was aware of what was happening to the water in Flint, Mich. Hanna-Attisha, a pediatrician in Flint, knew that the city had changed its water source the previous year. Instead of channeling water from the Great Lakes, residents were now drinking water from the nearby Flint River. She had been aware of some problems with bacteria after the switch, but she thought everything had been cleared up. Her friend warned otherwise: "She said, 'Mona, the water isn't being treated properly. It's missing something called corrosion control. ... Without that corrosion control, there is going to be lead,' " Hanna-Attisha remembers.
- Pittsburgh Faces Hurdles In Removing Lead From Drinking Water (3:40)
Reid Frazier, NPR Weekend Edition, Sept 3, 2017. Pittsburgh faces a Pennsylvania state mandate to lower the amount of lead in its drinking water. The city's initial effort backfired, and the job will drag on for years.
- Pittsburgh officials may have 'deflected' attention from lead-contaminated water
Jessica Glenza, July 25, 2017, The Guardian. Health officials in a major American city downplayed dangers of lead contamination in water even as officials connected to the Flint, Michigan crisis faced a criminal investigation, according to a report obtained by the Guardian. Residents in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, were given “misleading” statements by health officials who “deflected” attention from lead-contaminated water, according to the audit.
- The Lead Industry and Lead Water Pipes “A MODEST CAMPAIGN”
Richard Rabin, American Journal of Public Health, September 2008, Vol. 98, No. 9 : pp. 1584-1592
- International